A battery of e.m.f. $E$ has an internal resistance $r$. A variable resistance $R$ is connected to the terminals of the battery. A current $I$ is drawn from the battery. $V$ is the terminal P.D. If $R$ alone is gradually reduced to zero, which of the following best describes $I$ and $V$?

Question

$I$ approaches $\frac{E}{r}$, $V$ approaches $E$

$I$ approaches infinity, $V$ approaches $E$

$I$ approaches zero, $V$ approaches $E$

$I$ approaches $\frac{E}{r}$, $V$ approaches zero

Solution

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