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Question

If there is only one type of charge in the universe, then ($\vec{E} \rightarrow$ Electric field, $d\vec{s} \rightarrow$ Area vector)

$\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{s} \neq 0$ on any surface

$\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{s}$ could not be defined

$\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{s} = \infty$ if the charge is inside

$\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{s} = 0$ if the charge is outside, = $\frac{q}{\varepsilon_0}$ if the charge is inside

Solution

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