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Explanation for the Correct Answer: (B) and (C) only
1. Introduction
Organic farming is a sustainable agricultural practice that focuses on preserving soil fertility and ecosystem balance. Unlike conventional farming, it avoids or strictly limits the use of synthetic chemicals (like urea-based fertilizers and pesticides) and genetically modified organisms. Instead, it relies on natural methods such as compost, green manure, crop rotation, and biological pest control.
2. Evaluating Each Statement
Statement (A): Utilizes genetically modified crops like Bt cotton
Organic farming does not rely on genetically modified crops. It specifically discourages the use of GMOs to maintain natural biodiversity and protect the integrity of the ecosystem. Hence, (A) is incorrect.
Statement (B): Uses only naturally produced inputs like compost
Organic farmers rely on organic matter such as compost, farmyard manure, and green manure to enhance soil fertility instead of synthetic fertilizers. Therefore, (B) is correct.
Statement (C): Does not use pesticides and urea
One of the fundamental principles of organic farming is to minimize or eliminate the use of conventional synthetic pesticides and chemical fertilizers (such as urea) that can harm soil microorganisms and the environment. Thus, (C) is correct.
Statement (D): Produces vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals
While organic produce is often praised for its potential health benefits, the statement that it necessarily produces vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals is not an absolute requirement or guaranteed outcome of organic farming. This statement is too general to be universally correct. Hence, (D) is not necessarily correct.
3. Conclusion
Statements (B) and (C) correctly describe organic farming: it uses natural inputs like compost and avoids synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. Therefore, the correct option is (B) and (C) only.
4. Key Takeaway
Organic farming is an ecologically balanced agricultural system that employs natural methods (compost, crop rotation, biological pest control) and strictly avoids synthetic chemicals and genetically modified seeds.
